Contribution of slovenian architect Franc Avbelj and “Planinka” Company To The Development Of Tourism In Serbia: A Case Study of the Urban-Architectural Solution of Kuršumlija Spa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2611-0075/10158Keywords:
architecture, urbanism, tourism, the "Žubor" hotel, Kuršumlija SpaAbstract
The formation of ideology and construction of physical symbols of the Socialist Yugoslavia were closely related. During period of Socialist Aestheticism, it was almost impossible to separate where contributions of creative individuals and architects begin and where the state propaganda ends. Throughout the second half of the twentieth century, tourism was gaining mass character worldwide. In Yugoslavia however, the ruling ideology has significantly contributed to transformation of tourism into a mass phenomenon. Through unions and similar communities for leisure and recreation, tourism has become part of the ruling narrative of equal rights for all. It was originally used as a mean for state propaganda in the form of social tourism. During that period, numerous resorts and spas were built throughout the state. They were mostly built on shores of the Adriatic Sea, but the construction of accommodation facilities on mountains, especially in Serbia and Slovenia, was not far behind. The focus of the paper is on the analysis of cooperation between the "Planinka" Company from Kuršumlija in Serbia as a carrier of tourism in the region and the architect Franc Avbelj from Slovenia as an expert in designing tourist facilities. In series of projects created by this cooperation, project of urbanistic and architectural design of Kuršumlija Spa and the Medical and Recreational Center "Žubor" were singled out. During its construction, the "Žubor" Center was the first tourist and healthcare facility of its type in the wider region. The aim of the paper is to point out the interrelation of all participants during thоse extensive efforts, to present organizational and aesthetic characteristics of those projects as well as to highlight immeasurable consequences of the long-standing marginalization of former republic's building achievements. The results of the paper suggest that in the current world of globalization, ideological disagreements can be overpowered only by the commercial gain.
Downloads
References
Antešević, Nebojša. “Arhitektura socijalističkog hedonizma. Turistički objekti moderne arhitekture u SFR Jugoslaviji od 1960. do 1980. (The Architecture of Socialist Hedonism. Tourist Objects of Modern Architecture in the SFR Yugoslavia from 1960 to 1980),“ in Međunarodni simpozij studenata povijesti umjetnosti. 1. Susreti mladih povjesničara umjetnosti u Rijeci 2014. Knjiga sažetaka, str. 30-31. Rijeka: Filozofski fakultet, 2014.
Antešević, Nebojša. “Regionalizam u modernizmu vs. turizam u socijalizmu. Rasprava o uticajima regionalizama na arhitekturu modernih turističkih objekata Jugoslavije druge polovine 20. veka (Regionalism in Modernism vs. Tourism in Socialism. A treatise of the influences of regionalism at the architecture of modern tourist facilities in Yugoslavia during the second half of the 20th century),“ in Međunarodni tematski zbornik: Umetnost i njena uloga u istroiji: između trajnosti i prolaznih –izama, posvećen sećanju na prof. dr Miodraga Jovanovića (1932-
, eds. Jovanović, Zoran et al., pp. 493-511. Kosovska Mitrovica: Filozofski fakultet u Prištini, 2014.
Antešević, Nebojša. “Socijalistički estetizam u turističkoj arhitekturi Jugoslavije (1960-1980) (Socialist aestheticism in Yugoslav Tourist Architecture (1960-1980)),” in Arhitektura i urbanizam posle drugog svetskog rata – Zaštita kao proces ili model: zbornik radova, eds. Mako, Vladimir et al. pp. 186-203. Beograd: Zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture grada Beograda, 2015.
Borisavljević, Dragan. “Slovenac ponovo u Kuršumlijskoj banji (Slovenian again in Kuršumlija spa),” Politika, May 13, 2010., http://www.politika.rs/scc/clanak/134623/Slovenac-ponovo-u-Kursumlijskoj-Banji
Bravo, Reuf and Bravo, Selma., eds. Yugoslav scientific research guide 1970. Beograd: Nolit, 1972.
Dragašević, Jovan. “Arheologijsko-geografijska istraživanja (Archaeological-geographical researches),” Glasnik Srpskog učenog društva, no. 45 (1877): 1-128.
Duda, Igor. “Turizam narodu. Godišnji odmor kao proizvod socijalističke modernizacije (Tourism to the People. Vacation as a Product of Socialist Modernization),” Čovjek i prostor 05-06, no. 684-685 (2011): 28-32.
Duda, Igor. “Od radnika do turista. Prava, želje i stvarnost socijalnoga turizma u jugoslavenskome socijalizmu (From Labourer to Tourist. Rights, Wishes and Reality of Social Tourism in Yugoslav Socialism),“ in Sunčana strana Jugoslavije. Povijest turizma u socijalizmu, eds. Grandtis, Hannes and Taylor, Karin. pp. 55-87. Zagreb: Srednja Europa, 2013.
Eraković, Đorđe. “Među nama. Šta je istina o izgradnji „Žubora“? (Between us. What is true about the construction of "Žubor"?)“ Politika, August 28, 2016.
Eraković, Đorđe. “Među nama. „Planinka“ većinski investitor „Žubora“
(Between us. "Planinka" is major investor of "Žubor")“ Politika, August 24, 2019., 20.
Gašić, Marko, Vladan Ivanović and Goran Perić. “Materijalna baza razvoja turizma na prostoru Topličkog okruga (Material Basis for Tourism Development in Toplica District).“ in Synthesis – International Scientific Conference of IT and Business Related Research, pp. 484-498. Belgrade: Singidunum University, 2015.
Ignjatović, Aleksandar. “Poricanje i obnova: arhitektura postmodernizma 1980–1991 (Denial and Renewal: The Architecture of Postmodernism 1980–1991)“. In: Istorija umetnosti u Srbiji XX vek. Radikalne umetničke prakse, ed. Šuvaković, Miško. pp. 663–670. Beograd: Orion art, 2010.
Ignjatović, Aleksandar. “Tranzicija i reforme: arhitektura u Srbiji 1952-1980 (Transition and Reforms: Architecture in Serbia 1952-1980)“. In Istorija umetnosti u Srbiji XX vek, ed. Šuvaković, Miško. pp. 689-710. Beograd: Orion Art, 2012.
Jevtović, Aleksandra. „Arhitekta Aleksandar Đokić (Architect Aleksandar Đokić)“ PhD diss., University of Belgrade: Faculty of Philosophy, Department of History of Art, 2018. http://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/11317
Kadijević, Đorđe. 100 kritika (100 reviews). Beograd: Orion art, 2019.
Kostić, Mihajlo. “Mogućnosti za razvoj turizma u Kuršumlijskoj banji (Opportunities for Tourism Development in Kuršumlija Spa),“ Privredni glasnik, no. 11, (1961).
Kostić, Mihajlo. “Kuršumlijska banja (Kuršumlija Spa),“ Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva, Sv. XLII, no. 1, (1962): 45–62.
Kulić, Vladimir. “Architecture and Ideology in Socialist Yugoslavia”, in Unfinished Modernisations - Between Utopia and Pragmatism, eds. Mrduljaš, Maroje and Kulić, Vladimir. pp. 36-63. Zagreb: UHA, 2012.
Kulić, Vladimir, Mrduljaš, Maroje and Thaler, Wolfgang. Modernism in-between: The mediatora architecture of socialist Yugoslavia. Berlin: Jovis, 2012.
M. Lj. “Kuršumlijsku banju uskoro preuzima „Planinka“ (Kuršumlija Spa will be soon taken over by ’Planinka’)“ Južne vesti, January 18, 2018.,
https://www.juznevesti.com/Ekonomija/Kursumlijsku-Banju-uskoro-preuzima-Planinka.sr.html
M. Lj. “Kuršumlijska banja dobija novog vlasnika (Kuršumlija Spa is Getting a New Owner)“ Južne vesti, August 14, 2019., https://www.juznevesti.com/Ekonomija/Kursumlijska-banja-dobija-novog-vlasnika.sr.html
Maćejka, Milivoje and Tanasković, Radovan. Opština Kuršumlija: turistička monografija i vodič (Kuršumlija Municipality: Tourist Monograph and Guide). Niš: Punta, 2008.
Manojlović–Pintar, Olga. ”Uprostoravanje ideologije: Spomenici Drugog svetskog rata i kreiranje kolektivnih identiteta (Spacing of Ideology: Monuments of the Second World War and the Creating of Collective Parks),“ in Dijalog povjesničara/istoričara, 10/1, ed. Graovac, Igor. pp. 287–307. Zagreb: Friedrich Neumann Stiftung, 2008.
Manojlović–Pintar, Olga. Arheologija sećanja: spomenici i identiteti u Srbiji 1918–1989 (The Archeology of Memory: Monuments and Identities in Serbia 1918-1989). Beograd: Udruženje za društvenu istoriju: Čigoja, 2014.
Mitić, Ljubiša. ””Planinka” preuzima “Žubor”? (”Planinka“ takes over ”Žubor“?)” Južne vesti, February 02,2010., https://www.juznevesti.com/Ekonomija/Planinka-preuzima-Zubor.sr.html
Mitić, Ljubiša. ”Opština oživljava hotel Žubor (Municipality Revives Hotel Žubor)“ Južne vesti, April 28, 2010., https://www.juznevesti.com/Ekonomija/Opstina-ozivljava-hotel-Zubor.sr.html
Perić, Goran, Gašić, Marko and Simić, Jelena. ”Strateški pravci razvoja turizma u opštini Kuršumlija (Strategic Directions of Tourism Development in the Municipality of Kuršumlija),“ in VII naučni skup Mediteranski dani Trebinje 2012 – Turizam: izazovi i mogućnosti – Turistička privreda i povezane teme, Trebinje, ed. Vujović, Slavoljub. pp. 252-259. Beograd: Ekonomski institut.
Perović, Miloš. Srpska arhitektura XX veka: od istoricizma do drugog modernizma (Serbian Architecture of the XX Century: From Historicism to the Second Modernism). Beograd: Arhitektonski fakultet, 2003.
Planinka. “Istorijat.“ PLANINKA a.d. – O nama. Accessed: 21.02.2019.
https://www.planinka.rs/istorijat.php
Popadić, Milan. “Novi ulepšani svet – socijalistički estetizam i arhitektura (New Improved World: Socialist Aestheticism and Architecture),“ Zbornik Matice srpske za likovne umetnosti, no. 38 (2010): 247-260.
Putnik Prica, Vladana and Lajbenšperger, Nenad. “On the wings of modernity: WWII memorials in Yugoslavia,“ Docomomo Journal, no. 59 (2018/2): 74–78.
Schmidt, Catherine. “The Guided Tour: Insulated Adventure,“ Urban Life, Vol. 7, no. 4 (1979): 441–467.
Statistički godišnjak Jugoslavije. God. 19 : 1972 (Statistical Annual of Yugoslavia. Year 19 : 1972). Beograd: Savezni zavod za statistiku, 1972.
Stojiljković, Danica M. “Strukturalizam u arhitekturi Jugoslavije u periodu od 1954. do 1980. godine (Structuralism in Architecture of Yugoslavia in the Period from 1954 to 1980)“. PhD diss., University of Belgrade: Faculty of Architecture, 2017. http://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/8935
Štraus, Ivan. Arhitektura Jugoslavije 1945–1990 (Architecture of Yugoslavia 1945-1990). Sarajevo: Svjetlost, 1991.
TO Kuršumlija. “Vojin Šulović.“ O nama – Počasni građani. Accessed: 25.04.2020. https://tokursumlija.rs/o-nama/pocasni-gradjani/vojin-sulovic/
Tchoukarine, Igor. “Jugoslavenski put do međunarodnog turizma. Otvaranje, decentralizacija i propaganda u prvoj polovici 1950-ih (The Yugoslav path to International Tourism. Opening, decentralization and propaganda in the first half of the 1950s),“ in Sunčana strana Jugoslavije. Povijest turizma u socijalizmu, eds. Grandtis, Hannes and Taylor, Karin. pp. 125-154. Zagreb: Srednja Europa, 2013.
Vodopivec, Aleš and Rok Žnidaršić., eds. Edvard Ravnikar: Architect and Teacher. Wien: Springer, 2009.
Vukoičić, Danijela. Banjski turizam u funkciji razvoja Opštine Kuršumlija (Spa Tourism in the Function of Development of the Municipality of Kuršumlija). Beograd: Srpsko geografsko društvo, 2008.
Vulić, Nikola, Premerstein, Anton von and Ladek, Friedrich. “Antički spomenici u Srbiji (Ancient monuments in Serbia),“ Spomenik XXXIX, no. 35, (1903): 43-88.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Aleksandra Branislav Jevtović
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
